Terrestrial systems support a variety of free-living soil diazotrophs, which can fix nitrogen (N) outside of plant associations. However, owing to the metabolic costs associated with N fixation, ...

Rice production is heavily dependent on nitrogen fertilizers, particularly in China, where application rates are two to three ...

This chapter summarizes the physical, chemical, and biological processes that together comprise the science of contaminant bioavailability in soils and sediments. These processes are strongly ...

Researchers are offering a new perspective on those processes, revealing that moisture is a critical driver in the regulation and sequestration of soil carbon stocks. The ground below your feet ...

Nanomaterials, due to their unique properties and widespread use, are increasingly found in various environmental compartments, including soil. Their small ...

Soil is a significant carbon reservoir, storing more carbon than all plants, animals and the atmosphere combined, making it crucial for addressing the climate crisis. Microbes, such as bacteria and ...

Researchers have develop a method to learn more about how a new type of pesticide degrades in the environment. A new generation of pesticides can be used to control pest insects by compromising the ...

New EU legislation supporting healthier soils was adopted in December 2025 incorporating environmental DNA analysis which is ...

Suggested Citation: "4. Tools." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications ...

The ground below your feet contains some 2,500 gigatons of carbon, approximately three times the amount of carbon held in our atmosphere and four times more than is stored in every living thing – ...